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2021-04-22
West Africa Civil Society Institute (WACSI);
This paper intends to analyse the underpinnings of the Grand National Dialogue as a strategic and operational framework for the construction of a public problem in the crisis between the Cameroonian government and the separatist movements of the North West and South West. The dynamics and related trajectories within the framework of a complex otherness reflect the efforts of the public authorities to domesticate violence and establish the imperative of a "one and indivisible Cameroon" and of living together as structuring frameworks of solutions to crises in the country. The stake of this Grand National Dialogue also refers to the logic of de-internationalization of the treatment of the crisis; however, this dialogue did not have the desired effect. The denial for a long time focused on the crisis, combined with the problem of underdevelopment accentuated by nepotism, ethnic exclusion, corruption and marginalization, the sequence and consequence of bad governance, has been used by the separatists as a pretext to resort to arms as a means of expressing their 'grievances'.
2021-10-18
Centre for Feminist Foreign Policy;
This report explores the influence of feminist activism on nuclear policy and how the themes and concerns identified by FFP frameworks are being addressed in nuclear policymaking.Specifically, as newer - arguably feminist - initiatives like the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) initiate large-scale change, this report seeks to explore the question: how has feminist activism shaped nuclear policy? This report aims to share knowledge, expertise, and historically marginalised perspectives to better enable FFP advocates to identify successful paths to policy influence and change. First, this report provides a historical account of feminist activism, research, literature, and analyses concerning nuclear policy. Next, it focuses on the case studies of South Africa and Mexico to centre LMIC perspectives and indicate the steps, lessons, and pathways to achieving nuclear disarmament. Finally, it concludes with recommended next steps for nuclear possessing states to interrogate the purpose and impact of nuclear policy. Ultimately, this report is designed to equip its readers with the knowledge and skills to effectively examine nuclear policy's power dynamics, purpose, and impact. It invites us all to envision new and alternative policy solutions and work together for global nuclear elimination.
2021-03-01
Global Network on Extremism and Technology (GNET);
The use of social media platforms and chat applications in Asia has grown exponentially in recent years. Throughout the 2010s, violent extremists (VEs) in different parts of the continent exploited this growing access to audiences, disseminating their divisive messages broadly, while targeting individuals in fringe online groups. Technology companies and governments eventually imposed relatively effective measures to moderate overtly terrorist content, remove accounts and limit reach. However, the dynamics of broader communication on platforms that reward contentious engagement is continuing to inflame domestic political polarisation and societal division.Indonesia, the Philippines, Myanmar, and India are four Asian nations with unique but comparable experiences regarding the impact of online communications on social fault lines, extremism and violence. This report outlines and analyses these respective contexts.
2021-01-02
CHARESSO;
Cet article discute en marge de l'ouvrage de Jean Casimir, Une lecture décoloniale de l'histoire des Haïtiens, les conditions d'une analyse marxiste de la Révolution haïtienne de 1804. Il interroge le « rejet » par les études décoloniales des pensées marxistes pour repenser cet événement radical. Nous postulons une « rencontre épistémique » entre les marxismes et les études décoloniales afin de cerner les enjeux capital-travail de cette Révolution et aussi ses antécédents coloniaux déployés comme la face cachée de la Modernité. Nous tenons à expliquer l'absence de références marxistes, notamment des Jacobins Noirs de CLR James, dans l'excellent ouvrage de Casimir qui propose d'inverser les méthodes d'intelligibilité de cette Révolution. Que pourrait rapporter à Casimir les travaux de CLR James, d'Etienne Charlier et de Michel Hector dans son étude novatrice sur la Révolution haïtienne de 1804?
2021-01-13
Athan;
This white paper provides an overview of the human rights situation for these populations in Myanmar and Bangladesh and the causes of the internet shutdowns in both countries. The report illustrates that, by impeding the rights of IDPs and refugees, violations of digital rights are violations of human rights. At the heart of Lockdown and Shutdown are sixteen semi-structured qualitative interviews, conducted with Rakhine, Rohingya, Chin IDPs in conflict-affected areas in Myanmar, and Rohingya refugees residing in Bangladesh, which give a voice to those who have been deprived of one, as well as reveal the devastating impacts of the internet shutdowns in the two countries.The report also demonstrates that there are commonalities in the impacts of the shutdowns in Myanmar and Bangladesh, specifically in the areas of public health information around COVID-19, education, and access to reliable news in misinformation-rich environments, as well as differences in areas like work, access to healthcare, and physical security and offers key recommendations to the governments of Myanmar and Bangladesh.
2022-05-10
Pew Research Center;
Pew Research Center conducted this study to better understand Americans' attitudes about the Russian invasion of Ukraine as well as the Biden administration's response to the invasion. For this analysis, we surveyed 5,074 U.S. adults in May 2022. Everyone who took part in this survey is a member of the Center's American Trends Panel (ATP), an online survey panel that is recruited through national, random sampling of residential addresses. This way nearly all U.S. adults have a chance of selection. The survey is weighted to be representative of the U.S. adult population by gender, race, ethnicity, partisan affiliation, education and other categories.
2022-04-19
Human Trafficking Search;
A research guide produced by Human Trafficking Search for students and researchers interested in conducting preliminary research on the region in light of current conflict.
2022-02-01
Human Rights Watch;
This report describes patterns of abuses against older people affected by armed conflict in Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Mali, Mozambique, Niger, South Sudan, Syria, and Ukraine. It also draws on the situation of serious protracted violence in two English-speaking regions of Cameroon, Myanmar security force atrocities against older ethnic Rohingya in Rakhine State, and the experiences of older refugees in Lebanon displaced by conflict in Syria. It also includes abuses against older people in the 2020 armed conflict in the ethnic-Armenian-majority enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh.
2022-03-02
Institute for Economics & Peace;
On 24 February 2022, Russia launched an attack on Ukraine. Figure 1 highlights that the invasion comes after a decade of deteriorating relations between Russia, Ukraine and the West.This brief covers several aspects relating to the current Ukrainian war, including the frequency of past acts of terrorism in Russia, Ukraine and Georgia and covers likely future scenarios. It also analyses cyberattacks on Ukraine over the last decade and lead up to the current war.The main finding is that terrorism increases with the intensity of conflict. Both the Georgian conflict in 2008 and the Ukrainian conflict of 2014 saw substantial spikes in terrorist activity around the wars, and as the current war intensifies increased terrorist activity should be expected.Secondly, cyberattacks on Ukraine have markedly increased over the last decade, and especially in the months and weeks leading up to the war. Further, cyberattacks have the potential to unintentionally spill over into other countries because of global connectivity, the effects of which have been seen on numerous occasions. As cyberattacks by nefarious actors are a recent phenomenon, and given the difficulty in the attribution of such attacks, the demarcation between what constitutes a cyberattack, cyber warfare or cyber terrorism are unclear. Regardless, this briefing looks at the broad phenomena of cyberattacks in Ukraine to offer background on recent events.
2022-05-06
International Panel of Experts on Sustainable Food Systems;
With the invasion of Ukraine sparking a third food price crisis in 15 years, a new IPES-Food special report, 'Another Perfect Storm?' takes stock of the critical factors fanning the flames of global hunger - and what can be done about them. World food prices continued to see record-breaking highs in April 2022, hitting food insecure countries and populations hard. Numbers of undernourished people could increase by 13 million this year. The special report blames fundamental flaws in global food systems - such as heavy reliance on food imports and excessive commodity speculation - for escalating food insecurity sparked by the Ukraine invasion. These flaws were exposed, but not corrected, after previous food price spikes in 2007-8.
2022-05-09
James Martin Center of Nonproliferation Studies Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey;
This article examines the Senate debate regarding the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), traces a policy history of presidential administrations toward the CTBT since that debate, makes a case for why the U.S. should ratify the treaty, and recommends measures that may improve the prospects of U.S. ratification in the future. Following his election as the 46th President of the United States, Joe Biden – an outspoken advocate of the CTBT in the Senate – will have to decide whether to expend political capital on securing Senate advice and consent for the treaty. While the nuclear nonproliferation regime has seen many changes since the Senate last considered the CTBT in 1999, the debate over the treaty has remained remarkably static, with Republicans arguing that the treaty is unverifiable and threatens U.S. interests, and Democrats arguing that the treaty would lock in a U.S. testing advantage and strengthen U.S. global leadership. In examining the policy history of the treaty and making recommendations to facilitate U.S. ratification, this article seeks to reinvigorate the debate over the CTBT a quarter century after it first opened for signature.
2022-04-15
Freedom House;
On February 24, Russian president Vladimir Putin launched a brutal invasion of Ukraine. This war, which has already displaced millions of people and menaced the lives of millions more, presents an existential challenge not just to Ukraine's sovereignty, but also to the liberal international order. It comes at the time when liberal democracy's star has faded across the 29 countries covered in Nations in Transit. This edition of the report, assessing the events of 2021 from Central Europe to Central Asia, marks the 18th consecutive year of democratic decline for the region as a whole.Putin's war is the latest and gravest expression of his thuggish and malignant influence on neighboring states. When free societies have resisted his efforts to warp their media and corrupt their politicians, he has threatened or actually used military force, as in Georgia in 2008 and Ukraine in 2014. When authoritarian incumbents have teetered in the face of popular demands for change, he has backstopped their regimes and deepened their dependence on Moscow, as in Belarus or more recently in Kazakhstan. But the stakes of the current conflict are even higher. If the Kremlin succeeds in subjugating a sovereign, democratic Ukraine, it will mark the first time that an authoritarian power has overthrown a freely elected national government in the region since the end of the Cold War. Even if the effort fails, it has already destabilized the Nations in Transit region, potentially accelerating the steady antidemocratic transformation that has taken place across Europe and Eurasia.
